- Hot Tubs & Spas
- General Information
- Chemical Dosage Charts for Hot Tubs
- Hot Tub FAQ
- How Hot Should my Hot Tub/Spa Be?
- Ultraviolet Disinfection (UV-C) for Hot Tubs
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- How-to Articles
- How to Get Rid of Algae in a Hot Tub
- How to Restart Your Hot Tub If You Haven’t Used it in a Year
- How to Test Your Hot Tub Water
- How to Properly Add Chemicals to Your Hot Tub
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Irrigation
- General Information
- Understanding Drought Levels and Water Restrictions
- Vancouver Island Water Restrictions
- Vancouver Island Current Water Restriction Stages
- Filter Screen Mesh to Micron Conversion Chart
- Comox Valley Smart Control Irrigation Rebate
- Victoria Water History
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- 2018 Weathermatic Catalogue
- How-to Articles
- Do-It-Yourself Irrigation Design and Installation Guide
- Introduction to Micro-Irrigation
- Rain Barrel Soaker Hose
- Tips and Caring for Your Soaker hose
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- Weathermatic
- Weathermatic SL800 Bundle with Rain/Freeze Sensor
- Weathermatic T3 Turbo Rotor
- Weathermatic N-100 Nitro Valve
- Mr. Soaker Hose Basics
- Mr. Soaker Hose - Frequently Asked Questions
- Drip In Soaker Dripline for Irrigation
- Lake & Lagoon Management
- General Information
- Benefits of Pond and Lake Aeration (video)
- Previous Next List Information Item Actions NAME Kasco Fountains VX Series Overview (video)
- Pump Maintenance
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- How-to Articles
- Kasco Floating Fountain Installations
- Preventing Ice Damage - Kasco Marine De-icing Guide
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- KASCO Marine
- Kasco LED Fountain Lights
- Kasco Marine 3400VFX Aerating Fountain Assembly (video)
- Kasco Aerating Fountains (video)
- Microbe-Lift PBL Professional Blend Bacteria
- Kasco De-Icers
- Kasco Robust-Aire Diffuser Overview (video)
- NEW Water Pump from Shinmaywa
- Landscape Lighting
- General Information
- Benefits of Landscape Lighting (pt.1) (video)
- Premium Outdoor Lighting vs Cheaper Brands
- Light Recycling Program Information
- How-to Articles
- Construct a Low Voltage Transformer Stand (video)
- Security Lighting at it's Best - Cast LED Perimeter Light (video)
- Outdoor Lighting Wiring Techniques - Crimp and Heat Shrink (video)
- Product Info
- DH Lights: Low Voltage Outdoor Lighting, Quality & Value
- Brilliance Flex Strip Lighting
- CAST Lighting FAQ
- Solid Bronze Bullet Light from Cast Lighting - (video)
- The CAST Niche Light (video)
- Tree Light from Cast Lighting (video)
- Outdoor Cooking
- General Information
- Southern Barbecue Comes to Van Isle Water
- How-to Articles
- Memphis Grills Outdoor Cooking Recipes
- Product Info
- Memphis Grills - A Revolution in Outdoor Cooking
- Memphis Grill FAQ
- Infusion Roaster - Turkey Cannon
- Create a Cutting Edge Fire Feature with Warming Trends' Cross-Fire Burner System
- Ponds & Watergardens
- General Information
- Everything Needed To Build a Koi Pond
- Everything Needed To Build a Pond Free Water Feature
- Benefits of having a Pond
- Do I Really Need a Pond Filter?
- Aeration - The Benefits of Bubbles
- Benefits of Pond and Lake Aeration (video)
- Waterfall Flow Chart
- It Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time
- PondGard (EPDM) Decorative Applications Guide
- Pond Winterizing Tips and Tricks
- The Oasis Pump Vault - Under the Hood
- 2018 Atlantic Water Garden Catalogue
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Pump Maintenance
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Light Recycling Program Information
- 2018 Warming Trends Mini Catalogue
- 2018-Atlantic-Catalog
- How-to Articles
- Pond Building Basics - Where Do I Start?
- Atlantic Water Garden - Pond Guide
- Atlantic Water Garden - Pond-Free Guide
- Atlantic Water Garden - Pond Pump Guide
- Atlantic Water Garden - Water Feature Guide
- Everything Needed To Build a Water Garden
- Everything Needed To Build a Pond Free Water Feature
- Everything Needed To Build a Koi Pond
- Oase Pondovac - Trouble Shooting
- OASE Bitron C Ultraviolet Water Clarifier (video)
- Filtrific The Pondless Problem Solver!
- Eco-Blox Assembly Instructions (video)
- How-to Assemble Atlantic's Eco-Blox (video)
- Eco-Rise Installation Diagram
- Installing an Atlantic Water Garden Eco-Rise System
- Atlantic Water Garden - Tidal Wave TT Pump Maintenance (video)
- Atlantic Water Garden - Tidal Wave TW Pump Maintenance (video)
- Atlantic Colorfalls: How to Winterize
- Atlantic Pond Protector Installation (video)
- PondGard (EPDM )Technical Guide and Manual
- How to Deal with Pond Algae?
- Pond Health - Spring/Summer Cleaner (video)
- Easy Pond Winterizing System (video)
- Pond Sludge Removal Without Vacuuming (video)
- Pond Health - Eliminate Ammonia in Your Water
- Pond Clarification (video)
- Benefits of Barley in your Pond (video)
- What is KH, and Total Alkalinity (video)
- How To Test Your Pond Water Chemistry
- Hudson Valve Troubleshooting & FAQ
- UV Bulb Replacement - Pond Water Treatment
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- Oase Filtral UVC 700 - All in One Pump & Filter System
- Pentair All in One Pump & Filter System
- Oase Aquamax Eco Classic (video)
- Oase Aquamax Eco Premium (video)
- OASE filter pump video - Aquamax Eco (video)
- OASE Filtoclear 3000 (video)
- OASE Filtoclear 16000 (video)
- OASE Filtoclear (video)
- OASE Filters for Small Ponds
- OASE BioSmart 5.1 (5000) video
- OASE Biotec Screenmatic Overview (video)
- Oase Pondovac 4 - Action Video
- Filtrific Filter Tank and Expansion Tank demo (video)
- TidalWave3 TT Series Pumps from Atlantic Water Gardens
- The Atlantic Variable Speed Controller
- Atlantic Water Gardens - Colour Changing Vases (video)
- The Atlantic Colour Changing Colorfalls
- Inside the Shinmaywa Pump
- NEW Water Pump from Shinmaywa
- String Algae or Blanket Weed Problems?
- Microbe-Lift PBL Professional Blend Bacteria
- Fish Food Enriched with Beneficial Bacteria (video)
- Blue Diamond Aeration Pumps and Diffusers
- Kasco Pond Fountain
- Kasco Marine 3400VFX Aerating Fountain Assembly (video)
- Rockin Foam - pond and waterfall foam: FAQ
- Rainwater Harvesting
- General Information
- What is Rainwater Harvesting
- Rainwater Harvesting FAQ
- Water Conservation Tips
- Is Drinking Rainwater Safe?
- Basic Rainwater Harvesting System and its Components
- Rainwater Rewards Program & Stormwater Utility
- District Offering Big Cash Rebates for Rainwater Harvesters
- Winterize Your Rainwater Harvesting System
- Uniseal - Innovative Pipe Penetration Seals
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Pump Maintenance
- CANARM and the City of Victoria Rainwater Harvesting Initiatives
- ARCSA Training a HUGE Hit!
- How-to Articles
- Clean Rain Ultra Installation (video)
- How To Calculate Rainwater Catchment and Volume
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- Leaf Eater Advanced
- Clean Rain Ultra (video)
- Wisy Vortex Rainwater Harvesting Filter (video)
- Premier Plastics Vertical Water Tanks, Septic Tanks and Pump Out Chambers
- Jobe Floats and Valves
- NEW Water Pump from Shinmaywa
- Rain Barrel Soaker Hose
- Sump & Wastewater
- General Information
- Living on a Septic System
- Where Does The Wastewater Go?
- 6 Signs your Septic Systems Needs to Be Pumped
- 9 Things You Should NEVER Flush Down The Toilet
- Sizing a Septic System
- Pump Maintenance
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- How-to Articles
- It's Sump Pump Time!
- Prevent Frozen Septic Systems in Winter
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- SJE EZ Series In-Site CL Data Logging Control Panel
- SJE-Rhombus EZ Series In-Site CL Control Panel (video)
- Why Homeowners Need a Battery-Powered Backup Sump Pump System
- Flood Buzz Pro - Leak Alarm (video)
- Septic Systems, Beneficial Bacteria and Pro Pump FAQ
- NEW Water Pump from Shinmaywa
- Inside the Shinmaywa Pump
- Leader BVP Heavy Duty Solids Handling Pump
- Little Giant Grinder Pump (video)
- Red Lion Gas Powered Pumps
- Premier Plastics Vertical Water Tanks, Septic Tanks and Pump Out Chambers
- Swimming Pools
- General Information
- Swimming Pool FAQ
- Common Misconceptions about Pool & Spa Care
- Chemical Dosage Charts for Swimming Pools
- Chlorine vs. Bromine
- What is Over Stabilization in a Swimming Pool or Spa
- Pool and Spa Water Conservation Tips
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Friction Loss of Common Pool System Components
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Chemical Resistance Charts
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- How-to Articles
- Testing Your Swimming Pool Water
- What is pH level or balance - Swimming Pool Maintenance
- What is Total Alkalinity - Swimming Pool Maintenance
- Water Hardness / Calcium Hardness - Swimming Pools
- What to do when cloudy swimming pool water strikes
- Salt Dosage Chart for Swimming Pools
- Spring & Summer Pool Opening Tips
- Closing Your Swimming Pool for the Winter (Winterizing)
- How To Estimate the Total Volume of a Pool or Pond
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- The NEW but Original - Jacuzzi!
- Dolphin Supreme M400
- The NEW but Original - Jacuzzi!
- Aqua Finesse - Simple Pool Water Care
- Hayward H-Series Natural Gas Heater with Electronic Ignition
- Heatsavr - The Liquid Pool Cover (video)
- Our Best Pond or Pool Net - Pond Shark Pro
- Water Features
- General Information
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Pump Maintenance
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Warming Trends Mini Catalogue
- How-to Articles
- Everything Needed To Build a Water Garden
- Eco-Rise Installation Diagram
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Water Treatment
- General Information
- Boil Water Advisory Information
- POE (Point-of-Entry) vs POU (Point-of-Use) Water Filtration Systems
- How Does Ultraviolet Water Treatment Work?
- UV (ultraviolet) Water Disinfection FAQ
- UV Dosage Chart
- Tap Water Filtration
- Under the Sink Filtration Installation Diagram
- Well Water Testing
- Should I disinfect or chlorinate my well?
- Hard Water vs Soft Water
- Why does my hot water smell like rotten eggs?
- What are Tannins in my Groundwater
- Water Conditioning Basics - Water Analysis
- Top 5 Contaminants That You Can Remove From Drinking Water
- What You Need to Know About Lead In Your Water
- Water Conditioning Basics - Sizing Parameters
- Water Conditioning Basics - The Hydrologic Cycle
- Water Conditioning Basics - Guidelines for Solving Water Problems
- Cysts in Water Supply: Treating Water Born Disease Causing Protozoa
- Pump Maintenance
- Victoria Water History
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Chemical Resistance Charts
- Light Recycling Program Information
- How-to Articles
- ECOMIX (Video)
- Reverse Osmosis Installation Diagram
- How Water Softening Works
- How To Clean, Replace and Reset My Trojan UV MAX System
- How to Reset Your UV Dynamics After Replacing the Lamp
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- SWIFT Refrigerator Filters - New Product Line
- UV Dynamics - Ultraviolet Disinfection Systems
- Stenner - Proportional Chemical Feed System
- Flood Buzz Pro - Leak Alarm (video)
- Wells & Groundwater
- General Information
- What is Ground Water (Video)
- Groundwater FAQ
- Well Water Testing
- Constant Pressure Systems for Low or Fluctuating Water Pressure
- Top 5 Cause of Low Water Pressure
- What's In Your Well?
- Victoria Water History
- Water Conservation Tips
- Understanding Drought Levels and Water Restrictions
- Pump Maintenance
- Uniseal - Innovative Pipe Penetration Seals
- Bulk Tubing and Hose
- Friction Loss and Water Velocity Chart
- Filter Screen Mesh to Micron Conversion Chart
- Well Decommissioning
- Well Protection & Groundwater Stewardship
- Groundwater Protection Act - British Columbia
- Licensing Groundwater Users - British Columbia
- Water Sustainability Act - British Columbia
- Why A Submersible Motor Costs What It Does
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) - Water Pump
- Choose the Right Pump by Calculating Total Dynamic Head
- Water Systems Glossary
- Unit Conversion Chart
- How-to Articles
- Managing Your Well During a Drought or Dry Spell
- Servicing a Water Pressure Tank
- Winterizing Your Water Well System
- #1 Cause of Pump Failure
- What are Tannins in my Groundwater
- Franklin Electric Jet Pump Motors (video)
- PVC Installation Tips: How to Glue PVC Pipe
- Thread Sealants - Teflon Tape or Paste?
- Product Info
- Franklin Electric Inline 400 Pressure Boosting System by Franklin Electric
- Franklin Electric 3200 Series Groundwater Pumps
- Red Lion Gas Powered Pumps
- Franklin Electric Vertical Multi-stage Pumps
- New Franklin Electric Connect App
- Franklin Electric AIM Manual
Article reprinted from 2015/2016 Hydrotech - Product Catalog: Water Conditioning Products.
The total area of the earth is composed of 2/3 water, making it one of the most plentiful and most important materials available. Without potable water, mankind cannot survive.
Pure water consists of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen, chemically combined to form pure water.
The only pure source of water is the earth’s atmosphere (sometimes called the hydrological cycle). Impure water from the earth’s oceans, lakes, rivers and surface evaporates into the atmosphere, then condenses to form rain droplets which are totally pure. The above process operates basically the same as a man-made still, which evaporates all the impurities from the water, then returns the condensates into pure water. If this process did not exist, there would likely not be enough potable water to support the earth’s population.
The pure water vapor, which forms in the earth’s atmosphere (clouds), begins to pick up impurities. As it begins to fall to earth in the form of rain, snow, etc., impurities are immediately absorbed. These impurities may be dust, micro-organisms, gases, etc. - at least a little of everything found in the atmosphere on the way to the surface.
The rain or snowfall finds its way to various sources of water supplies on the earth’s lakes, rivers, oceans or it may soak into the ground and become a part of an underground stream or lake.
Characteristics of Various Water Sources
Rain Water
After the water picks up impurities in the atmosphere and percolates through the ground, it comes into contact with carbon dioxide and then forms carbonic acid. This dissolves some of the mineral content of the soil or rock it contacts, thus adding these minerals to the water.
Surface Water
Water from streams may be turbid due to the presence of silt, clay, etc. However, in larger surface water, a greater amount of self-purification takes place through aerobic digestion, plant life, fish, etc. and the quality of the water could change to a great degree.
Ground Water
Normally picks up the minerals it flows through. As a general rule, water from deep wells contains a higher mineral content and is less likely to contain organics or turbidity. Water from shallow wells is usually lower in mineral content and may be subjected to pollution or other bacteria which is available from various sources nearby (e.g. spring run-off through forests and hills, plants, industrial wastes, etc. which will all pass various bacteria into the water).
Impurities
Impurities in water are divided into two classifications:
- Dissolved Solids
- Suspended Solids
Those which naturally dissolve into water. NOTE: Gases may also dissolve into water unless they combine chemically with other impurities. They will be released into the atmosphere upon boiling and are not truly classified as dissolved solids. Upon evaporation, only the dissolved solids would remain in the actual mineral form and then can be analyzed by actual weight of the various elements.
Consist of clay, mud, silt, etc. and will not dissolve into water naturally but remain as such in their present state. Water treatment and pollution control is one of the largest and most important industries in the modern day world. As can be seen from the preceding information, water treatment is a very broad and varied field and chemical analysis of certain water supplies is virtually impossible to completely break down. In time, modern man may discover additional information regarding the field of water treatment and the entire cycle of the earth’s largest and most important single resource.